Chapter 18 Section 4 Critical Thinking #4

In your opinion, should the United States have become involved in the affairs of Colombia, Nicaragua, and Mexico during the early 1900s? Support your answer with details. Think About:
• the effect of the Roosevelt Corollary
• the results of dollar diplomacy
• the implication of Wilson’s missionary diplomacy
The US should have become more involved with the affairs of Colombia, Nicaragua, and Mexico because it gave the US a strong economy. Roosevelt Corollary was the idea of "speak with a soft voice, but carry a big stick". He would threaten nations into doing what he wanted, and if they did there would be no violence. He used this idea and used the corollary which said that: "the United States would now use force to protect its economic interests in Latin America." Dollar diplomacy was the practise of repaying nations loans so that these nations would come under control of the US. After repaying theses debts, in Nicaragua for example, after the US repayed their debts the US gained control of its national bank and its railroads. Also Wilson's missionary diplomacy was the idea that the US would not get involved with Latin America unless they were posing any threat to their Latin American interests. For example when Mexico arrested, then realized Amercian citizens, America came in and started to take charge.

Chapter 18, sec.4, Critical Thinking #3

What do you think were the similarities and differences between Roosevelt’s Big Stick policy and Wilson’s missionary diplomacy? Use evidence from the text to support your response. Think About:
• the goal of each of these foreign policies
• how the policies defined the role of U.S. intervention in international affairs
• how the policies were applied
Both Wilson and Roosevelt were for imperialism and were trying to gain new territories. However their ways of accomplishing this goal was different. When it came to foreign affairs Roosevelt threatened people in order to get them to do what he wanted. When Panama became independent Roosevelt has many naval ships there and just a few days later Panama and the US had a deal in order to build the Panama Canal. Wilson would set up missionaries in other areas of the world, to spread Christianity, but when fighting broke out, they would end up controlling that land. Both Roosevelt and Wilson used the Monroe Doctrine to reach this goal. Roosevelt used the Monroe Doctrine as a reason to have control over the entire western hemisphere, he said that it gave the US the right to exercise international police power in the Western Hemisphere. Wilson looked at the Monroe Doctrine and came u with his idea of missionary diplomacy. He said that "the United States had a moral responsibility to deny recognition to any Latin American government it viewed as oppressive, undemocratic, or hostile to U.S. interests." When Mexico arrested some Americans, even though they were released, Wilson used it as an excuse to invade and occupy Veracruz, which was a very important Mexican port.

Chapter 18, sec.3, Critical Thinking #3

How did American rule of Puerto Rico harm Puerto Ricans? How did it help Puerto Ricans? Do you think the benefits outweighed the harmful effects? Why or why not?

American Rule hurt Puerto Rico because many of the people living in Puerto Rico wanted independence and under American rule they were not getting that. It helped the Puerto Ricans by giving them protection "... not only to yourselves but to your property, to promote your prosperity, and to bestow upon you the immunities and blessings of the liberal institutions of our government.” (pg. 559) The benefits did not outweigh the harmful effects because to the Puerto Ricans it was more harmful than anything. They did not like the fact that they were not independent, and they did not get much say in government for awhile.

Chapter 18 Section 2 Critical Thinking #3

What do you think were the unstated editorial policies of yellow journalism? Support your answer with evidence from the text. Think About:
• James Creelman’s account of Spanish atrocities against Cubans (page 552)
• Hearst’s remark to Remington
• the Journal headline about the explosion of the battleship Maine

The unstated editorial policies of yellow journalism were over exaggeration. Newspapers and writers started to use exaggeration in order to increase sales and increase American interests in the Spanish war. James Creelman for example portrays Cuba as a blood covered territory in which American people and land are becoming injured. He also mentions that Cuba needs help form a "brave" nation. (pg 552) Hearst sent Remington as an artist to Cuba to draw war scenes to show a visual image of what he was writing about. Remington told him that war between Spain and America looked very unlikely and Hearst responded by saying “You furnish the pictures and I’ll furnish the war.” By this he meant, if you send brutal pictures to back up my exaggerated writing we will help lead to the war. By using yellow journalism, he encouraged many Americans to beg for war against Spain. (pg. 553) When the American battleship Maine exploded in Cuba journalists used yellow journalism to exaggerated what happened, and making it so people were for war against Spain. One newspaper even offered a reward of $50,000 to whoever captured the Spanish that did this to the ship.

Chapter 18 Section 1 Critical Thinking #5

5. In the following passage, how dose Indiana senator Albert j. Beveridge explain the need for the US to acquire new territories?

"Fate has written our policy for us; the trade of the world must and shall be ours....We will establish trading posts throughout the world and distributing points for American products.... Great colonies governing themselves, flying our flag and trading with us, will grow about our posts of trade."

In the passage Indian senator Albert J. Beveridge explains the need for America to acquire new territories by saying that it is fate. That America is destined by fate to control the trading system of the world. He is saying that American should set up trades in every part of the world, giving American more power and control. He also mentions that colonies should be set up all over the world. Theses colonies, he belived, would govern themselves. However they would still stay faithfull to America, "fly our flag". He talks about theses new territores that he says is being clamied as if claming them would make them happy to be American, and happy to trade with America.

Chapter 18 Section 1 Critical thinking #3

3. Manifest destiny greatly influenced American policy during the first half of the 19th centuary. How do you think manifest destiny set the stage for American imperialism at the end of the century?
Manifest destiny set the stage for American imperialism at the end of the centuary in many ways. Imperialism is a policy in which one nation takes control of smalle and weeker nations for economic gain. Since americans felt it was thier destiny to span from coast to coast they were not hesitant to take down weeker forces during this process. America first did not want to buy Alaska from Russia, but when they found that it was full of plentiful resorces such as timber minerals, and oil. (pg. 550) America also had a sugar cane trade system going on with Hawaii. At first there was a duty free trading system between America and the Hawaiian Islands. Then a tariff was put into act which led to competition for the Hawaiians in the American market, and American planters in Hawaii did not like the fact that they had to pay the duty so they were calling for an annex. Hawaii also had one of the best ports, Pearl Harbor. Since Hawaii was alot smaller and weeker than the America, American annexed Hawaii and made it a state. (pg. 551)