Guided reading 29-1

1. What did the Civil Rights Act of 1875 do?
The purpose of the act was to outlaw segregation in public areas by making it so “all persons . . . shall be entitled to the full and equal enjoyment of the accommodations . . . of inns, public conveyances on land or water, theaters, and other places of public amusement.”. However in 1883 an all white Supreme court declared it unconstitutional.

2. How did the Court rule in Plessy?
The court in Plessy made it so the idea of "separate but equal" was constitutional. This lead to the Jim Crow Laws, making everything separate between the two races, however, they were not always equal.

3. In what three ways did World War II help set the stage for the
modern civil rights movement?
a.The large amount of soldiers needed for war left a huge amount of job opportunities open for minorities, making it able for them to get jobs.
b. Also a large amount of African Americans were in the army, and because of that they had to get rid of the discriminatory polices in the army. This made it so when African Americans that were in the war came home, they were even more determined to get equal rights.
c. During the war large amounts of civil rights groups campained for civil rights, and President Roosevelt issued a presidential directive prohibiting racial discrimination from companies and federal agencies that were involved in the war.

4. Who argued Brown’s case?
Brown's case was argued by Linda Brown's father and the board of education of Topeka, Kansas.

5. What did the Brown ruling declare?
The brown ruling declared that segregation in schools was not equal and was unconstitutional.

6. What organization was formed to support Rosa Parks?
The NAACP.

7. What did it do?
It, along with Martin Luther King Jr., started a bus boycott which lasted 381 days.

8. How did President Eisenhower respond to the Little Rock crisis?
He placed the Arkansas National Guard under Federal control and sent 1000 paratroopers to watch over the 9 students.

9. Who was the president of SCLC?
Martin Luther King.

10. What was SCLC’s purpose?
SCLC's purpose was “to carry on nonviolent crusades against the evils of second-class citizenship.”

11. What did SNCC accomplish, and how?
SNCC accomplished getting the ugliness of racism televised. They did things called sit ins in which they would go to all white lunch counters and refused to leave until they were served. They were beaten and arrested, and these events were televised, which helped raise awareness.